:root {
  /* Warm editorial engineering palette */
  --bg: #f3efe6;
  --paper: #fbf8f1;
  --paper-strong: #fffdf8;
  --ink: #241914;
  --ink-soft: #5f5148;
  --muted: #6F625A;
  --line: #d7cfc4;
  --line-strong: #bfb3a6;
  --accent: #b94a1f;
  --accent-dark: #8f3415;
  --sage: #607768;
  --deep: #211711;
  --deep-2: #17100c;
  --cream: #fff8ed;

  /* Typography */
  --serif: 'Instrument Serif', Georgia, serif;
  --sans: 'Space Grotesk', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  --mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;

  /* Standard Max-Width (Tailwind max-w-6xl = 1152px) */
  --container: 1152px;

  /* Consistent 8px-based spacing scale */
  --space-1: 0.25rem;  /* 4px */
  --space-2: 0.5rem;   /* 8px */
  --space-3: 0.75rem;  /* 12px */
  --space-4: 1rem;     /* 16px */
  --space-5: 1.25rem;  /* 20px */
  --space-6: 1.5rem;   /* 24px */
  --space-8: 2rem;     /* 32px */
  --space-10: 2.5rem;  /* 40px */
  --space-12: 3rem;    /* 48px */
  --space-16: 4rem;    /* 64px */
  --space-20: 5rem;    /* 80px */
  --space-24: 6rem;    /* 96px */

  /* Section vertical padding */
  --section-y: var(--space-12); /* 48px base */

  /* Motion & easing tokens (fast, subtle, non-blocking) */
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  --ease-hover: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  --duration-reveal: 450ms;
  --duration-hover: 180ms;
  --duration-nav: 220ms;
  --duration-filter: 280ms;
  --stagger-delay: 80ms;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  :root {
    --section-y: var(--space-16); /* 64px on tablet/desktop */
  }
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 80px;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-width: 320px;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--bg);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

/* Subtle engineering paper noise overlay */
body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 999;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: .018;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 180 180' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.8' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  mix-blend-mode: multiply;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
}

[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

/* Accessibility skip link */
.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: 1rem;
  left: 1rem;
  z-index: 1000;
  padding: .7rem .9rem;
  color: var(--cream);
  background: var(--deep);
  font: 500 .68rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-180%);
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Consistent Max Content Width: max-w-6xl (1152px) with px-6 (24px) mobile, px-10 (40px) desktop */
.container,
.hero-shell {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: 1.5rem; /* px-6 on mobile */
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .container,
  .hero-shell {
    padding-inline: 2.5rem; /* px-10 on desktop */
  }
}

/* Section vertical rhythm: clean 48px/64px padding */
section {
  padding-block: var(--section-y);
  scroll-margin-top: 76px;
}

/* Consistent 1px hairline divider with container alignment */
.divider {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container);
  height: 1px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  background: var(--line);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Navigation Header
   ========================================================================== */
nav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 64px;
  padding-inline: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(215, 207, 196, .75);
  background: rgba(243, 239, 230, .92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  transition:
    min-height var(--duration-nav) var(--ease),
    background var(--duration-nav) var(--ease),
    box-shadow var(--duration-nav) var(--ease),
    border-color var(--duration-nav) var(--ease);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  nav {
    padding-inline: 2.5rem;
  }
}

nav.scrolled {
  min-height: 58px;
  background: rgba(251, 248, 241, .96);
  border-color: rgba(215, 207, 196, .95);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px -2px rgba(36, 25, 20, .06);
}

.logo {
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: .35rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .94rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.logo span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.01em;
}

nav ul {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.4rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

/* Sliding active section underline indicator */
.nav-indicator-track {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -.38rem;
  left: 0;
  height: 2px;
  width: 1px;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  transition: transform var(--duration-nav) var(--ease), opacity var(--duration-nav) var(--ease);
  opacity: 0;
}

.nav-indicator-bar {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--accent);
}

nav a:not(.logo) {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font: 500 .62rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .055em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: color 150ms var(--ease);
}

nav a:not(.logo):hover,
nav a:not(.logo).active {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hamburger {
  display: none;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  padding: 7px;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.hamburger span {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1.5px;
  margin: 5px 0;
  background: var(--ink);
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease), opacity 180ms var(--ease);
}

.hamburger.active span:nth-child(1) {
  transform: translateY(6.5px) rotate(45deg);
}

.hamburger.active span:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}

.hamburger.active span:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateY(-6.5px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Shared Typography & Section Headings
   ========================================================================== */
.section-label,
.hero-kicker,
.project-kicker {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 500 .625rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.section-label::before {
  content: "— ";
  color: var(--muted);
}

h1, h2, h3, p {
  margin-top: 0;
}

h2 {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 4.8vw, 4.8rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.065em;
  line-height: .96;
}

h2 em,
.additional-projects-head h3 em,
#hero h1 em,
.contact-title em {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 160px minmax(0, 1fr);
  column-gap: 2.4rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

.section-heading .section-label {
  grid-column: 1;
  padding-top: .55rem;
}

.section-heading h2,
.section-heading .section-intro {
  grid-column: 2;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.section-intro {
  max-width: 700px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .93rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Hero Section
   ========================================================================== */
#hero {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding-top: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
  padding-bottom: clamp(2.5rem, 4.5vw, 4rem);
  color: var(--ink);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 18%, rgba(185, 74, 31, .09), transparent 28%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fbf8f1 0%, #f3efe6 100%);
}

#hero::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background:
    linear-gradient(rgba(43,29,20,.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(43,29,20,.035) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 42px 42px;
  mask-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,.42), transparent 78%);
}

/* Two balanced columns: aligned at top to remove any dead space */
.hero-shell {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(310px, .75fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  align-items: start; /* Aligns top of both columns perfectly */
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 820px;
}

.hero-kicker-wrap {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.hero-kicker {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.hero-kicker::before {
  content: "";
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  background: currentColor;
}

.hero-status-pill {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .45rem;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.625rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(96, 119, 104, 0.35);
  background: rgba(96, 119, 104, 0.08);
  border-radius: 99px;
  font: 500 .58rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--sage);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.status-dot {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--sage);
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px var(--sage);
  animation: gentle-pulse 2.2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes gentle-pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 0.6; transform: scale(0.9); }
  50% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1.15); }
}

#hero h1 {
  max-width: 840px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 5.8vw, 5.4rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.07em;
  line-height: .94;
}

.hero-line-mask {
  display: block;
}

.hero-word-mask {
  display: inline-block;
  overflow: hidden;
  vertical-align: bottom;
  margin-right: 0.22em;
}

.hero-word {
  display: inline-block;
  will-change: transform, opacity;
}

/* "gets real" drawn underline */
.gets-real-em {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.drawn-underline {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 2px;
  height: 2px;
  width: 100%;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 1px;
  transform-origin: left;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transition: transform 600ms var(--ease);
}

.drawn-underline.active {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.hero-desc {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(.92rem, 1.25vw, 1.05rem);
  line-height: 1.75;
}

/* Live backend architecture visualization box */
.hero-architecture-signal {
  margin: var(--space-4) 0 var(--space-5);
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.85);
  box-shadow: 4px 4px 0 #e9dfd1;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.signal-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-2);
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--line);
  font: 500 .54rem var(--mono);
}

.signal-tag {
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: .08em;
}

.signal-status {
  color: var(--muted);
  letter-spacing: .05em;
}

.signal-canvas-wrap {
  width: 100%;
  height: 95px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}

.signal-canvas-wrap canvas {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: block;
}

/* Hero ledger focus row */
.hero-ledger {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.hero-ledger span {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 48px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3) var(--space-2) 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font: 500 .62rem/1.5 var(--mono);
}

.hero-ledger span + span {
  padding-left: var(--space-3);
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

/* Hero Actions & Standardized Buttons */
.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-items: center;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0.625rem 1.25rem;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font: 600 .72rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition:
    transform 160ms var(--ease),
    background 160ms var(--ease),
    border-color 160ms var(--ease),
    color 160ms var(--ease),
    box-shadow 160ms var(--ease);
}

.btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.97);
}

.btn-primary {
  color: var(--cream);
  background: var(--accent);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background: var(--accent-dark);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(185, 74, 31, .24);
}

.btn-ghost {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  background: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.7);
}

.btn-ghost:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.btn-arrow {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: .35rem;
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease);
}

.btn:hover .btn-arrow,
.text-link:hover .btn-arrow {
  transform: translate(2px, -2px);
}

.text-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .4rem;
  min-height: 36px;
  padding: .375rem 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  font: 500 .66rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 160ms var(--ease), border-color 160ms var(--ease);
}

.text-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

/* Right-side Profile Panel: balanced and top-aligned */
.hero-profile {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 253, 248, .92);
  box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 #e9dfd1;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .hero-profile {
    padding: var(--space-8);
  }
}

.profile-status {
  display: flex;
  gap: .65rem;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font: 500 .62rem var(--mono);
}

.profile-status span {
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #91aa98;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(96,119,104,.12);
}

.profile-facts {
  margin: 0;
}

.profile-facts > div {
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.profile-facts dt {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-1);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 .55rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.profile-facts dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: .8rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.profile-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.1rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  padding-top: var(--space-2);
}

.profile-links a {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font: 500 .64rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 150ms var(--ease);
}

.profile-links a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Projects Section (Selected Work)
   ========================================================================== */
#projects {
  background: var(--bg);
}

.projects-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(260px, .75fr);
  gap: var(--space-8);
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.projects-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.projects-heading-note {
  max-width: 420px;
  justify-self: end;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .86rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Filter bar & animated sliding pill indicator */
.filter-bar {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(251, 248, 241, 0.85);
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding: 3px;
  gap: 2px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}

.filter-indicator {
  position: absolute;
  top: 3px;
  bottom: 3px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(36, 25, 20, 0.05);
  pointer-events: none;
  transition:
    transform var(--duration-filter) var(--ease),
    width var(--duration-filter) var(--ease);
  z-index: 1;
}

.filter-btn {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  min-height: 34px;
  padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
  font: 500 0.72rem var(--mono);
  color: var(--muted);
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color 150ms ease-out, transform 120ms ease-out;
}

.filter-btn:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.filter-btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.97);
}

.filter-btn.active {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Featured Projects: 3 editorial case studies */
.featured-projects {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.featured-project {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(320px, .85fr);
  grid-template-areas:
    "image kicker"
    "image number"
    "image title"
    "image desc"
    "image facts"
    "image stack"
    "image actions";
  column-gap: clamp(1.75rem, 3.5vw, 3rem);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-8);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.featured-project:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.featured-project:nth-child(even) {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(320px, .85fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr);
  grid-template-areas:
    "kicker image"
    "number image"
    "title image"
    "desc image"
    "facts image"
    "stack image"
    "actions image";
}

.project-kicker-row {
  grid-area: kicker;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.project-badge-pill {
  font: 500 .54rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.625rem;
  background: rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.08);
  color: var(--accent);
  border: 1px solid rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.2);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.project-card-img {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.featured-project .project-card-img {
  grid-area: image;
  align-self: start;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  padding: var(--space-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e9e1d7, #f7f2ea);
  transition: box-shadow var(--duration-hover) var(--ease), border-color var(--duration-hover) var(--ease);
}

.featured-project .project-card-img img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transform: translateY(var(--parallax-y, 0px)) scale(1.02);
  transition: transform 350ms var(--ease);
  will-change: transform;
}

.featured-project:hover .project-card-img img {
  transform: translateY(var(--parallax-y, 0px)) scale(1.06);
}

.featured-project .project-num {
  grid-area: number;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 .58rem var(--mono);
}

.featured-project .project-title {
  grid-area: title;
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-3) 0;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.8vw, 3.6rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.06em;
  line-height: .98;
}

.featured-project .project-desc {
  grid-area: desc;
  max-width: 560px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .88rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.project-facts {
  grid-area: facts;
  display: grid;
  margin: var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-4);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.project-facts > div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 96px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: .8rem;
  padding: .65rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.project-facts dt {
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 .55rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-facts dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .74rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.project-stack,
.tl-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .35rem;
}

.featured-project .project-stack {
  grid-area: stack;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

/* Standardized tags and pills */
.stack-pill,
.tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.625rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 2px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  background: transparent;
  font: 400 .625rem var(--mono);
  line-height: 1.4;
  transition: transform 150ms var(--ease), border-color 150ms var(--ease), color 150ms var(--ease), background 150ms var(--ease);
}

.stack-pill:hover,
.tag:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
  background: rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.05);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.featured-project .project-actions {
  grid-area: actions;
}

.project-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.project-link {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .35rem;
  padding-bottom: .2rem;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font: 500 .64rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.project-link::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: currentColor;
  transform: scaleX(.3);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease);
}

.project-link:hover::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.project-link-muted {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.project-link-arrow {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* Additional Projects Header & Grid */
.additional-projects-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 160px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 2.2rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-12);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-8);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.additional-projects-head .section-label {
  grid-row: 1 / span 2;
  padding-top: .45rem;
}

.additional-projects-head h3,
.additional-projects-head .additional-projects-desc {
  grid-column: 2;
}

.additional-projects-head h3 {
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-2);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.6vw, 3.2rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.055em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.additional-projects-desc {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .86rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.additional-projects-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-4);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  grid-template-areas:
    "image"
    "number"
    "title"
    "desc"
    "stack"
    "actions";
  min-height: 0;
  align-content: start;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(251, 248, 241, .75);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition:
    transform var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    border-color var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    background var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    box-shadow var(--duration-hover) var(--ease);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 28px -4px rgba(36, 25, 20, 0.08);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-card-img,
.additional-projects-grid .project-card-visual {
  grid-area: image;
  align-self: stretch;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  height: auto;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e9e1d7, #f7f2ea);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-card-img img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 300ms var(--ease);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-card:hover .project-card-img img {
  transform: scale(1.04);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-num {
  grid-area: number;
  margin: var(--space-4) var(--space-5) var(--space-1);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 .54rem var(--mono);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-title {
  grid-area: title;
  margin: 0 var(--space-5) var(--space-2);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-desc {
  grid-area: desc;
  margin: 0 var(--space-5) var(--space-3);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .74rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-stack {
  grid-area: stack;
  margin: 0 var(--space-5) var(--space-3);
}

.additional-projects-grid .project-actions,
.additional-projects-grid .project-card > div:last-child:not(.project-card-img):not(.project-card-visual) {
  grid-area: actions;
  align-self: end;
  margin: var(--space-3) var(--space-5) var(--space-5);
}

/* Editorial fallback visuals */
.project-card-visual {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: var(--space-4);
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
  color: #f8f1e7;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  background: #202019;
}

.project-card-visual::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -2;
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #34372c, #171913 78%);
}

.project-card-visual--realestate::before {
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #514331, #211a13 78%);
}

.project-card-visual--quicktasks::before {
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #31433b, #17221d 78%);
}

.project-card-visual--itqan::before {
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #1e4343, #102323 78%);
}

.project-card-visual--market::before {
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #4b3627, #20150f 78%);
}

.project-card-visual--quran::before {
  background: linear-gradient(140deg, #244437, #12241d 78%);
}

.visual-kicker {
  color: #efad8f;
  font-size: .5rem;
  letter-spacing: .11em;
}

.visual-title {
  max-width: 95%;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.055em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.visual-caption {
  color: rgba(248,241,231,.58);
  font-size: .52rem;
}

.visual-line {
  width: 40%;
  height: 1px;
  background: #efad8f;
}

.visual-task,
.visual-api,
.visual-metric,
.visual-flow {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .45rem;
  padding: .45rem .5rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
  color: rgba(248,241,231,.74);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.035);
  font-size: .5rem;
}

.visual-task {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 9px 1fr auto;
}

.visual-task span {
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  border: 1px solid #9eb3a3;
}

.visual-task b,
.visual-api span {
  color: #a9c7ab;
  font-size: .46rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.visual-metric strong {
  color: #efad8f;
  font-size: .8rem;
}

.visual-flow {
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.visual-flow i {
  color: #efad8f;
  font-style: normal;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Experience Timeline (Precision Alignment & Vertical Connecting Line)
   ========================================================================== */
#experience {
  background: var(--paper);
}

.timeline {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 960px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
}

/* Dynamic vertical spine precisely connecting dot 1 to dot 5 */
.tl-spine {
  position: absolute;
  width: 2px;
  background: var(--line);
  z-index: 1;
}

.tl-spine-progress {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--accent);
  transform-origin: top;
  transform: scaleY(0);
  transition: transform 100ms linear;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline {
    --tl-date-w: 160px;
    --tl-gap: var(--space-6);
    --tl-dot-col: 28px;
  }

  .tl-spine {
    left: calc(var(--tl-date-w) + var(--tl-gap) + (var(--tl-dot-col) / 2) - 1px);
  }

  .tl-item {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: var(--tl-date-w) var(--tl-dot-col) minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: var(--tl-gap);
    padding: var(--space-6) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .tl-date {
    padding-top: .2rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    font: 500 .68rem/1.65 var(--mono);
    text-align: right;
  }

  .tl-line-col {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 2;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .timeline {
    --tl-dot-col: 24px;
    --tl-gap: var(--space-4);
  }

  .tl-spine {
    left: calc((var(--tl-dot-col) / 2) - 1px);
  }

  .tl-item {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: var(--tl-dot-col) minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: var(--tl-gap);
    padding: var(--space-5) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .tl-line-col {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 1 / 3;
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 2;
  }

  .tl-date {
    grid-column: 2;
    color: var(--muted);
    font: 500 .66rem/1.5 var(--mono);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-1);
    text-align: left;
  }

  .tl-content {
    grid-column: 2;
  }
}

.tl-dot {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  margin-top: .45rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border: 2px solid var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--paper);
  transition: transform 250ms var(--ease), box-shadow 250ms var(--ease), background 250ms var(--ease);
}

.tl-dot.is-active,
.tl-item.tl-active .tl-dot {
  background: var(--accent);
  transform: scale(1.35);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px rgba(185, 74, 31, .25);
  animation: dot-pulse-once 500ms ease-out;
}

@keyframes dot-pulse-once {
  0% { transform: scale(1); box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.6); }
  50% { transform: scale(1.5); box-shadow: 0 0 0 7px rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.2); }
  100% { transform: scale(1.35); box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.25); }
}

.tl-role {
  margin-bottom: .25rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.03em;
}

.tl-company {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font-size: .8rem;
}

.tl-desc {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .8rem;
  line-height: 1.78;
}

.tl-tags {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.inline-link,
.evidence-link {
  color: inherit;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(36,25,20,.25);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 150ms var(--ease), border-color 150ms var(--ease);
}

.inline-link:hover,
.evidence-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

.inline-link-small {
  margin-left: .2rem;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  border-bottom: 0;
  font: 500 .62rem var(--mono);
}

.evidence-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font: 500 .62rem var(--mono);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Expertise Section
   ========================================================================== */
#skills {
  background: var(--bg);
}

.expertise-list {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.expertise-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 66px minmax(280px, .78fr) minmax(300px, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-8);
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  transition: transform var(--duration-hover) var(--ease), border-color var(--duration-hover) var(--ease);
}

.expertise-row:hover {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.expertise-index {
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 500 .6rem var(--mono);
}

.expertise-row h3 {
  margin-bottom: .45rem;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

.expertise-row p {
  max-width: 520px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .78rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.expertise-stack {
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 400 .68rem/1.85 var(--mono);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Education & Certifications Section
   ========================================================================== */
#education {
  background: var(--paper);
}

.edu-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: .82fr 1.18fr;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}

.edu-card {
  position: relative;
  height: 100%;
  padding: var(--space-8);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  background: var(--deep);
  color: var(--cream);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.edu-card::after {
  content: "91";
  position: absolute;
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: -1.4rem;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.08);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 8rem;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1;
}

.edu-degree,
.edu-inst,
.edu-meta {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.edu-degree {
  margin-bottom: .35rem;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.edu-inst {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: #efad8f;
  font-size: .84rem;
}

.edu-meta {
  max-width: 430px;
  color: rgba(255,248,237,.68);
  font-size: .8rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.gpa-value {
  color: #ffc0a4;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.cert-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: .6rem;
}

.cert-item {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 80px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: .8rem;
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition:
    transform var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    border-color var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    box-shadow var(--duration-hover) var(--ease),
    background var(--duration-hover) var(--ease);
}

.cert-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--line-strong);
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px -2px rgba(36, 25, 20, 0.08);
}

.cert-name {
  font-size: .74rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.cert-by {
  margin-top: .2rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: .62rem;
}

.cert-badge {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  color: var(--sage);
  font: 500 .52rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   References Section
   ========================================================================== */
#references {
  background: var(--bg);
}

.references-list {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.reference-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.reference-row h3 {
  margin-bottom: .2rem;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

.reference-row p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: .76rem;
}

.reference-row > a {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font: 500 .62rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 150ms var(--ease);
}

.reference-row > a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Contact Section
   ========================================================================== */
#contact {
  color: var(--cream);
  background: var(--deep);
}

#contact .section-label {
  color: #df9b7c;
}

#contact .section-label::before {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.35);
}

.contact-inner {
  max-width: 920px;
}

.contact-kicker-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.contact-status-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .4rem;
  font: 500 .54rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  color: #df9b7c;
}

.contact-status-badge .status-dot {
  background: #df9b7c;
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #df9b7c;
}

.contact-title {
  max-width: 840px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  color: var(--cream);
  font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 5vw, 4.6rem);
  line-height: .98;
}

.contact-desc {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  color: rgba(255,248,237,.72);
  font-size: .9rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.contact-card {
  padding: var(--space-8);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 248, 237, 0.14);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.contact-card-header {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 248, 237, 0.1);
}

.contact-lead-label {
  font: 500 .55rem var(--mono);
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  color: #df9b7c;
}

.contact-primary-email {
  color: var(--cream);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 1.6rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 180ms var(--ease);
}

.contact-primary-email:hover {
  color: #ff9d70;
}

.contact-primary-email .arrow {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: .25rem;
  transition: transform 180ms var(--ease);
}

.contact-primary-email:hover .arrow {
  transform: translate(3px, -3px);
}

.contact-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .65rem;
}

.contact-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  gap: .5rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);
  color: var(--cream);
  background: transparent;
  font: 500 .66rem var(--mono);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition:
    transform 160ms var(--ease),
    border-color 160ms var(--ease),
    background 160ms var(--ease);
}

.contact-link .contact-icon {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  stroke: currentColor;
}

.contact-link:hover {
  border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.55);
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
}

.contact-link:active {
  transform: scale(0.97);
}

.contact-link-accent {
  background: rgba(185, 74, 31, 0.2) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent) !important;
  color: #ffc2a6 !important;
}

.contact-link-accent:hover {
  background: var(--accent) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Footer
   ========================================================================== */
footer {
  padding-block: var(--space-8);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
  color: rgba(255,248,237,.48);
  background: var(--deep);
  font: 400 .6rem var(--mono);
  text-align: center;
}

/* Floating back to top button */
.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  right: 1.5rem;
  bottom: 1.5rem;
  z-index: 90;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translateY(12px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(36, 25, 20, 0.1);
  transition: opacity 220ms var(--ease), transform 220ms var(--ease), background 160ms var(--ease);
}

.back-to-top.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.back-to-top:hover {
  background: #fff;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.back-to-top:active {
  transform: scale(0.94);
}

/* Scroll progress bar */
.scroll-progress-container {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2.5px;
  z-index: 1001;
  background: transparent;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.scroll-progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  width: 0%;
  background: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px rgba(185, 74, 31, .4);
  transition: width 40ms linear;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Motion System: Progressive Enhancement & Scroll Reveals
   ========================================================================== */
/* Default state (100% visible if JS is disabled or fails) */
.scroll-reveal,
.fade-in,
.hero-fade-up,
.section-heading,
.additional-projects-head {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

/* Enabled state when JS is running (.js-anim on <html>) */
.js-anim .hero-fade-up {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(16px);
  transition: opacity 450ms var(--ease), transform 450ms var(--ease);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.js-anim .hero-fade-up.is-visible,
.js-anim .hero-fade-up.revealed {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.js-anim .hero-word {
  /* Used only when GSAP is unavailable. */
  transform: translateY(115%);
}

/* GSAP controls yPercent, so its initial baseline must have no CSS translation. */
.js-anim.gsap-enabled .hero-word {
  transform: none;
}

.js-anim .hero-word.revealed {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.js-anim.gsap-enabled .hero-word.revealed {
  transform: none;
}

.js-anim .scroll-reveal,
.js-anim .fade-in,
.js-anim .section-heading,
.js-anim .additional-projects-head {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(18px);
  transition: opacity var(--duration-reveal) var(--ease), transform var(--duration-reveal) var(--ease);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.js-anim .scroll-reveal.is-visible,
.js-anim .fade-in.is-visible,
.js-anim .fade-in.visible,
.js-anim .section-heading.is-visible,
.js-anim .additional-projects-head.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Focus styles for keyboard navigation */
a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Responsive Breakpoints: Tablet & Mobile
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .hero-shell {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(290px, .85fr);
    gap: var(--space-6);
  }

  .featured-project,
  .featured-project:nth-child(even) {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(280px, .9fr);
    column-gap: 2rem;
  }

  .additional-projects-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .expertise-row {
    grid-template-columns: 52px minmax(240px, .8fr) minmax(260px, 1fr);
    gap: 1.4rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 800px) {
  nav {
    min-height: 60px;
    padding-inline: 1rem;
  }

  .hamburger {
    display: block;
  }

  nav ul {
    position: fixed;
    top: 60px;
    right: 0;
    left: 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0;
    padding: .7rem 1.25rem 1.25rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    background: rgba(251,248,241,.98);
    transform: translateY(-120%);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: transform 220ms var(--ease), opacity 180ms var(--ease);
  }

  nav ul.open {
    transform: translateY(0);
    opacity: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
  }

  nav ul li {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  nav ul li:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  nav a:not(.logo) {
    display: block;
    padding: .85rem 0;
  }

  .nav-indicator-track {
    display: none;
  }

  .hero-shell {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-8);
  }

  .hero-profile {
    padding: var(--space-6);
  }

  .hero-ledger {
    max-width: none;
  }

  .projects-heading,
  .section-heading {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-2);
  }

  .projects-heading-note {
    justify-self: start;
  }

  .section-heading .section-label,
  .section-heading h2,
  .section-heading .section-intro {
    grid-column: 1;
  }

  .featured-project,
  .featured-project:nth-child(even) {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    grid-template-areas:
      "kicker"
      "number"
      "title"
      "desc"
      "facts"
      "image"
      "stack"
      "actions";
    padding-bottom: var(--space-6);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  }

  .featured-project .project-card-img {
    margin: var(--space-4) 0;
  }

  .expertise-row {
    grid-template-columns: 36px 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-3);
  }

  .expertise-stack {
    grid-column: 2;
  }

  .edu-block {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-4);
  }

  .cert-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  #hero {
    padding-top: 3.5rem;
  }

  #hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 11vw, 3.8rem);
  }

  .hero-ledger {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero-ledger span,
  .hero-ledger span + span {
    min-height: 0;
    padding: .65rem 0;
    border-left: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .hero-ledger span:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .hero-actions {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

  .hero-actions .btn {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .text-link {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 10vw, 3.2rem);
  }

  .filter-bar {
    max-width: 100%;
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  }

  .filter-bar::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
  }

  .filter-btn {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .additional-projects-head {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-2);
  }

  .additional-projects-head .section-label,
  .additional-projects-head h3,
  .additional-projects-head .additional-projects-desc {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: auto;
  }

  .additional-projects-grid .project-card {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    grid-template-areas:
      "image"
      "number"
      "title"
      "desc"
      "stack"
      "actions";
  }

  .additional-projects-grid .project-card-img,
  .additional-projects-grid .project-card-visual {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  }

  .reference-row {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-3);
  }

  .contact-card {
    padding: var(--space-6);
  }
}

/* Accessibility: Respect prefers-reduced-motion */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    animation: none !important;
    transition-duration: .01ms !important;
  }

  .js-anim .scroll-reveal,
  .js-anim .fade-in,
  .js-anim .hero-fade-up,
  .js-anim .hero-word,
  .js-anim .section-heading,
  .js-anim .additional-projects-head {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
    transition: none !important;
  }
}


/* Portfolio refresh — portrait, project preview links and editorial concept cards */
.profile-portrait{position:relative;isolation:isolate;margin:0 0 1.4rem;aspect-ratio:5/4;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line-strong);border-radius:4px;background:#ece9e3}
.profile-portrait img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 33%;filter:saturate(.98)}
.profile-portrait::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:36% 0 0;background:linear-gradient(transparent,rgba(14,18,20,.78));pointer-events:none}
.profile-portrait figcaption{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:1.1rem;right:.9rem;bottom:1rem;display:grid;gap:.15rem;color:#fff;text-shadow:0 1px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}
.profile-portrait figcaption span{font:600 .75rem/1.35 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.065em}
.profile-portrait figcaption small{font:400 .55rem/1.55 var(--mono);color:rgba(255,255,255,.88)}
a.project-preview-link{position:relative;color:inherit;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none}
a.project-preview-link:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}
.project-preview-link img{transition:transform .3s var(--ease),filter .3s var(--ease)}
.project-preview-link:hover img{filter:saturate(1.07)}
.spotlight-project{background:var(--paper-strong)!important;border-color:var(--line-strong)!important}
.project-card-visual--okfbi::before{background:radial-gradient(circle at 85% 12%,#556381,transparent 57%),linear-gradient(145deg,#162d46,#0e1823)}
.project-card-visual--andalusia::before{background:radial-gradient(circle at 82% 14%,#986a53,transparent 60%),linear-gradient(145deg,#723b31,#211b19)}
.project-card-visual--phone::before{background:radial-gradient(circle at 82% 9%,#39836d,transparent 61%),linear-gradient(145deg,#19433e,#0c2427)}
.project-card-visual--okfbi .visual-kicker,.project-card-visual--andalusia .visual-kicker,.project-card-visual--phone .visual-kicker{color:#f6c8a8}
.project-card-visual--okfbi .visual-title,.project-card-visual--andalusia .visual-title,.project-card-visual--phone .visual-title{font-size:clamp(1.03rem,1.6vw,1.45rem);line-height:1.09;letter-spacing:-.045em}
.spotlight-project .project-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.9rem}
.spotlight-project .project-actions .project-link:first-child{color:var(--accent-dark);font-weight:600}
.edu-proof-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:.4rem;color:var(--accent-dark);font-size:.76rem;text-underline-offset:3px}
@media(max-width:800px){.profile-portrait{max-height:330px;aspect-ratio:16/10}.profile-portrait img{object-position:center 30%}}
@media(max-width:600px){.profile-portrait{max-height:310px}.profile-portrait figcaption{left:.9rem;bottom:.8rem}}

/* Refined editorial identity: portrait aligned with professional heading */
.profile-identity {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: clamp(94px, 29%, 126px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  column-gap: clamp(.85rem, 1.5vw, 1.25rem);
  margin-bottom: 1.45rem;
  padding: .55rem;
  border: 1px solid #dfd5c8;
  background: linear-gradient(120deg, #eee6da 0%, #f9f5ed 70%);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
.hero-profile .profile-identity .profile-portrait {
  width: 100%;
  height: clamp(135px, 13.5vw, 162px);
  max-height: none;
  min-height: 0;
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: #f6f3ee;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(36,25,20,.11);
}
.hero-profile .profile-identity .profile-portrait::after { display: none; }
.hero-profile .profile-identity .profile-portrait img {
  display:block;width:100%;height:100%;
  object-fit:cover;
  object-position: center 25%;
  filter:none;
  transform: none;
}
.profile-identity-copy { min-width: 0; }
.identity-eyebrow {
  display:block;
  font: 600 .53rem/1.4 var(--mono);
  color:var(--accent-dark);
  letter-spacing:.055em;
  margin-bottom:.68rem;
}
.profile-identity-copy h2 {
  margin:0 0 .48rem;
  color:var(--ink);
  font:600 clamp(1.12rem,1.55vw,1.43rem)/1.12 var(--sans);
  letter-spacing:-.045em;
}
.profile-identity-copy p {
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  font:.64rem/1.65 var(--sans);
  margin:0;
}
@media(max-width:800px){
  .hero-profile .profile-identity .profile-portrait {
    max-height:none; height:150px; aspect-ratio:auto;
  }
}
@media(max-width:440px){
  .profile-identity {grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);gap:.8rem;padding:.45rem}
  .hero-profile .profile-identity .profile-portrait{height:132px;max-height:none}
  .profile-identity-copy h2{font-size:1.16rem}
  .identity-eyebrow{font-size:.48rem}
}

/* Authentic live-site screenshots in a lightweight browser window mockup */
.project-live-preview,
.featured-project .project-live-preview,
.additional-projects-grid .project-live-preview {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  padding: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #cfc9c1;
  border-radius: 9px;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(36, 25, 20, .08);
  isolation: isolate;
}
.project-live-preview::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 3;
  height: 24px;
  background: #f5f3f0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e3e0db;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.project-live-preview::after {
  content: "●  ●  ●     " attr(data-domain);
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 4;
  height: 24px;
  padding: 0 11px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: #6e777f;
  font: 500 10px/24px var(--mono);
  white-space: nowrap;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.project-live-preview img,
.featured-project .project-live-preview img,
.additional-projects-grid .project-live-preview img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  padding-top: 24px;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top center;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  transform: none !important;
  filter: none;
  transition: opacity .2s ease;
  background: #fff;
}
.project-live-preview:hover img,
.featured-project .project-live-preview:hover img,
.additional-projects-grid .project-live-preview:hover img {
  transform: none !important;
  opacity: .92;
}
.project-live-preview .img-glare { display: none; }
.project-live-preview:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}
.additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-live-preview {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
  .project-live-preview::after { font-size: 9px; }
  .additional-projects-grid .project-live-preview { aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; }
}

/* Prioritize the portrait on mobile without duplicating a second large headshot. */
.hero-mobile-photo { display:none; }
@media (max-width:800px) {
  .hero-kicker-wrap {
    position:relative;
    min-height:80px;
    padding-right:86px;
    align-content:flex-start;
    justify-content:flex-start;
    gap:.45rem;
  }
  .hero-mobile-photo {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    right:0;
    width:76px;
    height:76px;
    object-fit:cover;
    object-position:center 25%;
    border:3px solid #fffdf8;
    border-radius:50%;
    box-shadow:0 5px 16px rgba(34,24,17,.14);
    background:#eee9e1;
  }
  .hero-profile .profile-identity{display:none;}
}
@media (max-width:420px) {
  .hero-kicker-wrap{padding-right:77px;min-height:76px}
  .hero-mobile-photo{width:70px;height:70px}
}

/* Expand newest live captures into full-width editorial feature rows. */
@media (min-width:701px) {
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project {
    grid-column:1 / -1;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.13fr) minmax(0, .87fr);
    grid-template-areas:
      "image number"
      "image title"
      "image desc"
      "image stack"
      "image actions";
    min-height:322px;
  }
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-live-preview {
    height:100%;
    min-height:304px;
    align-self:stretch;
    aspect-ratio:auto;
    border-radius:6px;
  }
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-live-preview img {
    object-fit:cover;
    object-position:top center;
  }
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-num { margin-top:var(--space-5); }
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-title { font-size:clamp(1.32rem,2vw,1.65rem); }
  .additional-projects-grid .spotlight-project .project-desc { font-size:.83rem;max-width:470px; }
}

/* October 2026 performance/layout refinements */
#hero {
  padding-top: clamp(1rem, 2.2vw, 1.75rem);
  padding-bottom: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
}
#hero .hero-shell { gap: clamp(1.45rem, 3vw, 2.5rem); align-items: start; }
#hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 3.72rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -.06em;
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  max-width: none;
}
#hero .hero-line-mask { white-space: nowrap; }
#hero .hero-word-mask { margin-right: .15em; }
#hero .hero-desc { font-size: clamp(.91rem,1.05vw,1rem); line-height:1.62; margin-bottom:1rem; }
#hero .hero-architecture-signal {
  margin: .95rem 0 1.15rem; padding: .7rem 1rem;
  box-shadow: 2px 3px 0 #e9dfd1;
}
#hero .signal-canvas-wrap { height:62px; }
#hero .hero-ledger { margin-bottom: 1rem; }
#hero .hero-ledger span { min-height: 36px; }
#hero .hero-kicker-wrap { margin-bottom:.65rem; }
#hero .hero-profile { padding:clamp(1.15rem,1.65vw,1.5rem); }

/* Efficient image paints: preserve dimensions before lazy image decode. */
.additional-projects-grid .project-illustration {
  display:block; width:100%; aspect-ratio:16/10; overflow:hidden;
  border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25); background:#19383c;
  border-radius:4px;
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-illustration img {
  display:block; width:100%; height:100%; object-fit:cover; object-position:center;
  transform:none; transition:transform 180ms ease-out;
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:hover .project-illustration img {transform:scale(1.025);}
.project-illustration:focus-visible {outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}
.project-card-img img {color:transparent;}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card { content-visibility:auto; contain-intrinsic-size: 280px; }
.featured-projects .featured-project { content-visibility:auto; contain-intrinsic-size: 530px; }
@media (max-width: 800px) {
  #hero { padding-top:.9rem; padding-bottom:1.35rem; }
  #hero h1 { font-size:clamp(2rem, 7.4vw, 3.25rem); line-height:1.02; }
  #hero .hero-line-mask {white-space:normal;}
  #hero .hero-architecture-signal {margin:.85rem 0;padding:.7rem;}
  #hero .hero-ledger {margin-bottom:.8rem;}
  #hero .signal-canvas-wrap {height:52px;}
  #hero .hero-shell {gap:1.4rem;}
}
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  #hero h1 {font-size:clamp(1.9rem,7.8vw,2.35rem); letter-spacing:-.048em;}
  #hero .hero-line-mask {white-space:normal;}
}

/* Project gallery: large, uniform real screenshots and illustrations. */
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  grid-template-areas:
    "image"
    "number"
    "title"
    "desc"
    "stack"
    "actions";
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > .project-card-img,
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > .project-illustration,
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > .project-live-preview {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  min-height: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  display: block;
  align-self: stretch;
  border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > :is(.project-card-img, .project-illustration, .project-live-preview) img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  max-height: none;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top center;
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > .project-num {
  margin-top: 1rem;
}
.additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > .project-actions {
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .additional-projects-grid .project-card:not(.spotlight-project) > :is(.project-card-img,.project-illustration,.project-live-preview) {
    height: auto;
    min-height: 0;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  }
}